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Greed, Desire, and the Universal Need for Master Hsing Yun's Humanistic Buddhism: A View from the United States
Greed. We all know greed is a problem. U.S. citizen Bernie Madoff’s successful investment fund attracted wealthy investors. Every year his returns on investment were much larger than those of other funds. In the end it turned out that he was not investing his customers’ money at all. Instead, he was running a Ponzi or “pyramid” scheme, paying off the investors who withdrew their money with the money he was taking in from new investors. While the Ponzi scheme was going strong, he was the toast of New York City and highly admired by others in the finance world. When thousands of his customers lost large sums of money, he became the poster boy of greed. Yet of course his customers were greedy too.
A Study of Humanistic Buddhism Returning to India: Observations and Reflections on the Fo Guang Shan New Delhi Educational and Cultural Centre
The journey of Venerable Master Hsing Yun’s Humanistic Buddhism back to India can generally be divided into two stages. The first stage spanned from 1963 to 2008, when the Venerable Master made eight pilgrimages to India and gradually affirmed his desire to bring Buddhism back there. He and some of his monastics began to develop a preliminary plan. The second stage began with the establishment of the New Delhi Educational and Cultural Centre (hereinafter referred to as the Centre). By building a temple, initiating educational programs, setting up charitable clinics, and engaging in cross-cultural exchanges, Buddhism was reestablished in India.
Greed, Desire, and the Universal Need for Master Hsing Yun's Humanistic Buddhism: A View from the United States
Greed. We all know greed is a problem. U.S. citizen Bernie Madoff’s successful investment fund attracted wealthy investors. Every year his returns on investment were much larger than those of other funds. In the end it turned out that he was not investing his customers’ money at all. Instead, he was running a Ponzi or “pyramid” scheme, paying off the investors who withdrew their money with the money he was taking in from new investors. While the Ponzi scheme was going strong, he was the toast of New York City and highly admired by others in the finance world. When thousands of his customers lost large sums of money, he became the poster boy of greed. Yet of course his customers were greedy too.
Commentary: Loving-Kindness and Compassion
Venerable Master Hsing Yun writes that loving-kindness (maitri) and compassion (karuṇā) “are like a priceless passport—a person may own nothing, but no matter where they go happiness and safety will follow.” How might this statement be understood within the context of the Universal Vehicle (Mahāyāna) of Buddhism? As the Venerable Master writes, lovingkindness aims to bring others happiness, and compassion is the desire to alleviate the suffering of others. Here, I understand loving-kindness (maitrī) to love in its purest altruistic sense. Maitrī is not an erotic, passionate, selfish, or possessive love. All true love wants is the happiness of others.
Desire
論貪、欲及人間佛教的普世價值——以美國為例
貪婪,我們都知道貪婪是個原罪。由美國公民麥道夫(BernieMadoff)所規劃的投資基金相當成功,吸引不少富裕投資客。每年他總能回饋投資客高於其他基金的報酬,不過最後卻爆出他其實並沒有將資金投入市場,而是仿照龐茲騙局及老鼠會的手法,拿新進投資客的資金作為前批投資客的報酬。龐茲所經營的非法吸金騙局曾經相當火熱,並讓他成為紐約市的明星,受到金融界高度讚譽。不過,一旦客戶得知損失鉅額資金,他頓時淪為貪婪的小丑。當然,局中的參與者也是貪婪的俘虜。
論貪、欲及星雲大師人間佛教的普世價值──以美國為例
人們嘗試為貪婪脫罪的欲望非常強大,總會說:畢竟,我們僅是取己所需而已。以市場為導向的現代社會,已逐步成為「贏家大獲全利」的社會。頂尖的運動員、電影及娛樂界明星、音樂家、企業家及大型企業總裁等都極端富有。而稍有成就的運動員、藝人、音樂人及公司員工所得卻非常微薄。過高的薪資、分紅以及退休規劃提供了相當不合理的誘因,迫使人們產生必須追求極度成功成為贏家的欲望。許多美國大學名校的菁英畢業生,畢業後立即進入金融服務業,選擇銷售金融產品之路,而非對美國社會貢獻價值。一般能在美國金融服務業中成為「贏家」,都是肇始於:新鮮人被灌輸有權去期待百萬年薪的生活;而其他非金融的產業,即使拼命工作也無法造就一個贏家。其代價是甚麼呢﹖就像麥道夫一樣沒有誠信、欺騙,或是毀謗他們、剝削他人、隱瞞過錯及其他不名譽的言行,都是基於貪婪動機 (the motive greed) 而來的。